CUBRID
  • Introduction to Manual
    • Manual Contents
    • Glossary
    • Manual Conventions
    • Version Name and Version String Conventions
  • Introduction to CUBRID
    • System Architecture
      • Process Structure
      • Database Volume Structure
        • Permanent Volume
        • Temporary Volume
        • Backup Volume
      • Database Server
      • Broker
      • Interface Module
    • CUBRID Characteristics
  • Installing and Upgrading
    • Installing and Running CUBRID
      • Supported Platforms and System Requirements
      • Compatibility
      • Installing and Running CUBRID on Linux
      • Installing and Running CUBRID on Windows
      • Installing with a Compressed Package
        • Installing CUBRID with tar.gz on Linux
        • Installing CUBRID with zip on Windows
    • Configuring Environment Variables
      • CUBRID Environment Variables
      • OS Environment and Java Environment Variables
      • Configuring the Environment Variable
      • Language & Charset Setting
    • Port Setting
      • Default Ports for CUBRID
      • Ports for CUBRID HA
      • Ports for CUBRID Manager Server
      • Ports for CUBRID Java Stored Procedure Server
    • Upgrade
      • Cautions during upgrade
      • Upgrading from CUBRID 9.2/9.3/10.0/10.1/10.2/11.0 to CUBRID 11.2
        • DB migration
        • Parameter configuration
      • Upgrading from CUBRID 9.1 to CUBRID 11.2
        • DB migration
        • Parameter configuration
      • Upgrading From CUBRID 2008 R4.1/R4.3/R4.4 To CUBRID 11.2
        • DB migration
        • Parameter configuration
      • Upgrading From CUBRID 2008 R4.0 or Earlier Versions To CUBRID 11.2
        • DB migration
        • Parameter configuration
    • Database Migration under HA Environment
      • HA migration from CUBRID 2008 R2.2 or higher to CUBRID 11.2
      • HA Migration from CUBRID 2008 R2.0/R2.1 to CUBRID 11.2
    • Uninstalling CUBRID
      • Uninstalling CUBRID in Linux
      • Uninstalling CUBRID in Windows
  • Getting Started
    • Starting the CUBRID Service
      • Shell Command
      • CUBRIDService or CUBRID Service Tray
      • Creating Databases
      • Starting Database
    • Query Tools
      • CSQL Interpreter
    • Management Tools
      • Running SQL with CUBRID Manager
      • Migrating schema/data with CUBRID Migration Toolkit
    • Drivers
  • CSQL Interpreter
    • Introduction to the CSQL Interpreter
    • Executing CSQL
      • CSQL Execution Mode
      • Using CSQL (Syntax)
      • CSQL Options
    • Session Commands
  • CUBRID SQL
    • Writing Rules
      • Identifier
        • Guidelines for Creating Identifiers
        • Legal Identifiers
        • Illegal Identifiers
        • The maximum length of an identifier name
      • Reserved Words
      • Comment
      • Literal
        • Number
        • Date/Time
        • Bit String
        • Character String
        • Collection
        • NULL
    • Data Types
      • Data Types
        • Numeric Types
          • INT/INTEGER
          • SHORT/SMALLINT
          • BIGINT
          • NUMERIC/DECIMAL
          • FLOAT/REAL
          • DOUBLE/DOUBLE PRECISION
        • Date/Time Types
          • DATE
          • TIME
          • TIMESTAMP
          • DATETIME
          • CASTing a String to Date/Time Type
        • Date/Time Types with Timezone
          • Timezone Configuration
          • Timezone Function
          • Functions with a Timezone Type
          • Conversion Functions for Timezone Types
          • IANA Timezone
        • Bit Strings
          • BIT(n)
          • BIT VARYING(n)
        • Character Strings
          • CHAR(n)
          • VARCHAR(n)/CHAR VARYING(n)
          • STRING
          • Escape Special Characters
          • Comparison Rules
        • ENUM Data Type
          • ENUM Type Comparisons
          • ENUM Type Ordering
          • Notes
        • BLOB/CLOB Data Types
          • BLOB
          • CLOB
          • To Create and alter LOB
          • To store and update LOB
          • To access LOB
          • Functions and Operators for LOB
          • To create and manage LOB storage
          • Transaction and Recovery
        • Collection Types
          • SET
          • MULTISET
          • LIST/SEQUENCE
        • JSON Data Type
          • Creating JSON data
          • JSON Validation
          • JSON Value Types
          • JSON Data Conversions
          • JSON Paths
          • JSON Pointers
        • Implicit Type Conversion
          • Conversion Rules
    • Data Definition Statements
      • TABLE DEFINITION STATEMENTS
        • CREATE TABLE
          • Table Definition
          • Column Definition
          • ON UPDATE
          • Constraint Definition
          • Column Option
          • Table Option
          • CREATE TABLE LIKE
          • CREATE TABLE AS SELECT
        • ALTER TABLE
          • ADD COLUMN Clause
          • ADD CONSTRAINT Clause
          • ADD INDEX Clause
          • ALTER COLUMN … SET DEFAULT Clause
          • AUTO_INCREMENT Clause
          • CHANGE/MODIFY Clauses
          • Column’s COMMENT
          • RENAME COLUMN Clause
          • DROP COLUMN Clause
          • DROP CONSTRAINT Clause
          • DROP INDEX Clause
          • DROP PRIMARY KEY Clause
          • DROP FOREIGN KEY Clause
        • DROP TABLE
        • RENAME TABLE
      • INDEX DEFINITION STATEMENTS
        • CREATE INDEX
          • COMMENT of Index
          • Online index creation
          • Displaying online index from other transactions
          • Online unique index while other transactions inserts violates uniqueness
        • ALTER INDEX
        • DROP INDEX
      • VIEW DEFINITION STATEMENTS
        • CREATE VIEW
          • Condition for Creating Updatable VIEW
          • View’s COMMENT
        • ALTER VIEW
          • ADD QUERY Clause
          • AS SELECT Clause
          • CHANGE QUERY Clause
          • DROP QUERY Clause
          • COMMENT Clause
        • DROP VIEW
        • RENAME VIEW
      • SERIAL DEFINITION STATEMENTS
        • CREATE SERIAL
          • COMMENT of Serial
        • ALTER SERIAL
        • DROP SERIAL
        • Accessing Serial
          • Pseudocolumns
          • Functions
      • SYNONYM DEFINITION STATEMENTS
        • CREATE SYNONYM
          • 1. Private synonym
          • 2. Synonym information
          • 3. Synonym name
          • 4. Synonym for synonym
          • 5. Creating schema-specified synonyms
        • ALTER SYNONYM
          • Change target object
          • Change comment
        • DROP SYNONYM
        • RENAME SYNONYM
          • 1. Cannot change schema
          • 2. Name already in use
        • USE SYNONYM
          • 1. Use synonyms from other schemas
          • 2. Statements where synonyms cannot be used
      • SERVER DEFINITION STATEMENTS
        • CREATE SERVER
          • Server Definition
        • RENAME SERVER
        • DROP SERVER
        • ALTER SERVER
          • OWNER TO clause
          • CHANGE clause
      • STORED FUNCTION/PROCEDURE DEFINITION STATEMENTS
        • CREATE PROCEDURE
          • COMMENT of Java Stored Procedure
          • Checking the Published Java Stored Procedure Information
        • DROP PROCEDURE
        • CREATE FUNCTION
          • COMMENT of Java Stored Function
          • Checking the Published Java Stored Function Information
        • DROP FUNCTION
        • Java Call Specification
          • Data Type Mapping
    • Operators and Functions
      • Logical Operators
      • Comparison Operators
      • Arithmetic Operators
        • Arithmetic Operations and Type Casting of Numeric Data Types
        • Arithmetic Operations and Type Casting of DATE/TIME Data Types
          • Behavior related to timezone parameters
      • Set Arithmetic Operators
        • SET, MULTISET, LIST
          • Assigning Collection Value to Variable
      • Statement Set Operators
        • UNION, DIFFERENCE, INTERSECTION
      • Containment Operators
        • SETEQ
        • SETNEQ
        • SUPERSET
        • SUPERSETEQ
        • SUBSET
        • SUBSETEQ
      • BIT Functions and Operators
        • Bitwise Operator
        • BIT_AND
          • BIT_AND()
        • BIT_OR
          • BIT_OR()
        • BIT_XOR
          • BIT_XOR()
        • BIT_COUNT
          • BIT_COUNT()
      • String Functions and Operators
        • Concatenation Operator
        • ASCII
          • ASCII()
        • BIN
          • BIN()
        • BIT_LENGTH
          • BIT_LENGTH()
        • CHAR_LENGTH, CHARACTER_LENGTH, LENGTHB, LENGTH
          • CHAR_LENGTH()
          • CHARACTER_LENGTH()
          • LENGTHB()
          • LENGTH()
        • CHR
          • CHR()
        • CONCAT
          • CONCAT()
        • CONCAT_WS
          • CONCAT_WS()
        • ELT
          • ELT()
        • FIELD
          • FIELD()
        • FIND_IN_SET
          • FIND_IN_SET()
        • FROM_BASE64
          • FROM_BASE64()
        • INSERT
          • INSERT()
        • INSTR
          • INSTR()
        • LCASE, LOWER
          • LCASE()
          • LOWER()
        • LEFT
          • LEFT()
        • LOCATE
          • LOCATE()
        • LPAD
          • LPAD()
        • LTRIM
          • LTRIM()
        • MID
          • MID()
        • OCTET_LENGTH
          • OCTET_LENGTH()
        • POSITION
          • POSITION()
        • REPEAT
          • REPEAT()
        • REPLACE
          • REPLACE()
        • REVERSE
          • REVERSE()
        • RIGHT
          • RIGHT()
        • RPAD
          • RPAD()
        • RTRIM
          • RTRIM()
        • SPACE
          • SPACE()
        • STRCMP
          • STRCMP()
        • SUBSTR
          • SUBSTR()
        • SUBSTRING
          • SUBSTRING()
        • SUBSTRING_INDEX
          • SUBSTRING_INDEX()
        • TO_BASE64
          • TO_BASE64()
        • TRANSLATE
          • TRANSLATE()
        • TRIM
          • TRIM()
        • UCASE, UPPER
          • UCASE()
          • UPPER()
      • Regular Expressions Functions and Operators
        • Regular Expressions Pattern Syntax
          • Special Pattern Characters
          • Quantifiers
          • Groups
          • Assertions
          • Alternatives
          • Character classes
        • REGEXP, RLIKE
        • REGEXP_COUNT
          • REGEXP_COUNT()
        • REGEXP_INSTR
          • REGEXP_INSTR()
        • REGEXP_LIKE
          • REGEXP_LIKE()
        • REGEXP_REPLACE
          • REGEXP_REPLACE()
        • REGEXP_SUBSTR
          • REGEXP_SUBSTR()
      • Numeric/Mathematical Functions
        • ABS
          • ABS()
        • ACOS
          • ACOS()
        • ASIN
          • ASIN()
        • ATAN
          • ATAN()
        • ATAN2
          • ATAN2()
        • CEIL
          • CEIL()
        • CONV
          • CONV()
        • COS
          • COS()
        • COT
          • COT()
        • CRC32
          • CRC32()
        • DEGREES
          • DEGREES()
        • DRANDOM, DRAND
          • DRANDOM()
          • DRAND()
        • EXP
          • EXP()
        • FLOOR
          • FLOOR()
        • HEX
          • HEX()
        • LN
          • LN()
        • LOG2
          • LOG2()
        • LOG10
          • LOG10()
        • MOD
          • MOD()
        • PI
          • PI()
        • POW, POWER
          • POW()
          • POWER()
        • RADIANS
          • RADIANS()
        • RANDOM, RAND
          • RANDOM()
          • RAND()
        • ROUND
          • ROUND()
        • SIGN
          • SIGN()
        • SIN
          • SIN()
        • SQRT
          • SQRT()
        • TAN
          • TAN()
        • TRUNC, TRUNCATE
          • TRUNC()
          • TRUNCATE()
        • WIDTH_BUCKET
          • WIDTH_BUCKET()
      • Date/Time Functions and Operators
        • ADDDATE, DATE_ADD
          • ADDDATE()
          • DATE_ADD()
        • ADDTIME
          • ADDTIME()
        • ADD_MONTHS
          • ADD_MONTHS()
        • CURDATE, CURRENT_DATE
          • CURDATE()
          • CURRENT_DATE()
        • CURRENT_DATETIME, NOW
          • CURRENT_DATETIME()
          • NOW()
        • CURTIME, CURRENT_TIME
          • CURTIME()
          • CURRENT_TIME()
        • CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, LOCALTIME, LOCALTIMESTAMP
          • CURRENT_TIMESTAMP()
          • LOCALTIME()
          • LOCALTIMESTAMP()
        • DATE
          • DATE()
        • DATEDIFF
          • DATEDIFF()
        • DATE_SUB, SUBDATE
          • DATE_SUB()
          • SUBDATE()
        • DAY, DAYOFMONTH
          • DAY()
          • DAYOFMONTH()
        • DAYOFWEEK
          • DAYOFWEEK()
        • DAYOFYEAR
          • DAYOFYEAR()
        • EXTRACT
          • EXTRACT()
        • FROM_DAYS
          • FROM_DAYS()
        • FROM_TZ
          • FROM_TZ()
        • FROM_UNIXTIME
          • FROM_UNIXTIME()
        • HOUR
          • HOUR()
        • LAST_DAY
          • LAST_DAY()
        • MAKEDATE
          • MAKEDATE()
        • MAKETIME
          • MAKETIME()
        • MINUTE
          • MINUTE()
        • MONTH
          • MONTH()
        • MONTHS_BETWEEN
        • NEW_TIME
          • NEW_TIME()
        • QUARTER
          • QUARTER()
        • ROUND
          • ROUND()
        • SEC_TO_TIME
          • SEC_TO_TIME()
        • SECOND
          • SECOND()
        • SYS_DATE, SYSDATE
        • SYS_DATETIME, SYSDATETIME
        • SYS_TIME, SYSTIME
        • SYS_TIMESTAMP, SYSTIMESTAMP
        • TIME
          • TIME()
        • TIME_TO_SEC
          • TIME_TO_SEC()
        • TIMEDIFF
          • TIMEDIFF()
        • TIMESTAMP
          • TIMESTAMP()
        • TO_DAYS
          • TO_DAYS()
        • TRUNC
          • TRUNC()
        • TZ_OFFSET
          • TZ_OFFSET()
        • UNIX_TIMESTAMP
          • UNIX_TIMESTAMP()
        • UTC_DATE
          • UTC_DATE()
        • UTC_TIME
          • UTC_TIME()
        • WEEK
          • WEEK()
        • WEEKDAY
          • WEEKDAY()
        • YEAR
          • YEAR()
      • JSON functions
        • Introduction to JSON functions
        • JSON_ARRAY
          • JSON_ARRAY()
        • JSON_OBJECT
          • JSON_OBJECT()
        • JSON_KEYS
          • JSON_KEYS()
        • JSON_DEPTH
          • JSON_DEPTH()
        • JSON_LENGTH
          • JSON_LENGTH()
        • JSON_VALID
          • JSON_VALID()
        • JSON_TYPE
          • JSON_TYPE()
        • JSON_QUOTE
          • JSON_QUOTE()
        • JSON_UNQUOTE
          • JSON_UNQUOTE()
        • JSON_PRETTY
          • JSON_PRETTY()
        • JSON_SEARCH
          • JSON_SEARCH()
        • JSON_EXTRACT
          • JSON_EXTRACT()
        • ->
        • ->>
        • JSON_CONTAINS_PATH
          • JSON_CONTAINS_PATH()
        • JSON_CONTAINS
          • JSON_CONTAINS()
        • JSON_MERGE_PATCH
          • JSON_MERGE_PATCH()
        • JSON_MERGE_PRESERVE
          • JSON_MERGE_PRESERVE()
        • JSON_MERGE
          • JSON_MERGE()
        • JSON_ARRAY_APPEND
          • JSON_ARRAY_APPEND()
        • JSON_ARRAY_INSERT
          • JSON_ARRAY_INSERT()
        • JSON_INSERT
          • JSON_INSERT()
        • JSON_SET
          • JSON_SET()
        • JSON_REPLACE
          • JSON_REPLACE()
        • JSON_REMOVE
          • JSON_REMOVE()
        • JSON_TABLE
      • LOB Functions
        • BIT_TO_BLOB
          • BIT_TO_BLOB()
        • BLOB_FROM_FILE
          • BLOB_FROM_FILE()
        • BLOB_LENGTH
          • BLOB_LENGTH()
        • BLOB_TO_BIT
          • BLOB_TO_BIT()
        • CHAR_TO_BLOB
          • CHAR_TO_BLOB()
        • CHAR_TO_CLOB
          • CHAR_TO_CLOB()
        • CLOB_FROM_FILE
          • CLOB_FROM_FILE()
        • CLOB_LENGTH
          • CLOB_LENGTH()
        • CLOB_TO_CHAR
          • CLOB_TO_CHAR()
      • Data Type Casting Functions and Operators
        • CAST
          • CAST()
        • DATE_FORMAT
          • DATE_FORMAT()
        • FORMAT
          • FORMAT()
        • STR_TO_DATE
          • STR_TO_DATE()
        • TIME_FORMAT
          • TIME_FORMAT()
        • TO_CHAR(date_time)
          • TO_CHAR()
        • TO_CHAR(number)
          • TO_CHAR()
        • TO_DATE
          • TO_DATE()
        • TO_DATETIME
          • TO_DATETIME()
        • TO_DATETIME_TZ
          • TO_DATETIME_TZ()
        • TO_NUMBER
          • TO_NUMBER()
        • TO_TIME
          • TO_TIME()
        • TO_TIMESTAMP
          • TO_TIMESTAMP()
        • TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ
          • TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ()
      • Aggregate/Analytic Functions
        • Overview
        • Aggregate vs. Analytic
        • Analytic functions which “ORDER BY” clause must be specified in OVER function
        • AVG
          • AVG()
        • COUNT
          • COUNT()
        • CUME_DIST
          • CUME_DIST()
        • DENSE_RANK
          • DENSE_RANK()
        • FIRST_VALUE
          • FIRST_VALUE()
        • GROUP_CONCAT
          • GROUP_CONCAT()
        • LAG
          • LAG()
        • LAST_VALUE
          • LAST_VALUE()
        • LEAD
          • LEAD()
        • MAX
          • MAX()
        • MEDIAN
          • MEDIAN()
        • MIN
          • MIN()
        • NTH_VALUE
          • NTH_VALUE()
        • NTILE
          • NTILE()
        • PERCENT_RANK
          • PERCENT_RANK()
        • PERCENTILE_CONT
        • PERCENTILE_DISC
        • RANK
          • RANK()
        • ROW_NUMBER
          • ROW_NUMBER()
        • STDDEV, STDDEV_POP
          • STDDEV()
          • STDDEV_POP()
        • STDDEV_SAMP
          • STDDEV_SAMP()
        • SUM
          • SUM()
        • VARIANCE, VAR_POP
          • VARIANCE()
          • VAR_POP()
        • VAR_SAMP
          • VAR_SAMP()
        • JSON_ARRAYAGG
          • JSON_ARRAYAGG()
        • JSON_OBJECTAGG
          • JSON_OBJECTYAGG()
      • Click Counter Functions
        • INCR, DECR
          • INCR()
          • DECR()
      • ROWNUM Functions
        • ROWNUM, INST_NUM
          • INST_NUM()
        • ORDERBY_NUM
          • ORDERBY_NUM()
        • GROUPBY_NUM
          • GROUPBY_NUM()
      • Information Functions
        • CHARSET
          • CHARSET()
        • COERCIBILITY
          • COERCIBILITY()
        • COLLATION
          • COLLATION()
        • CURRENT_USER, USER
        • DATABASE, SCHEMA
          • DATABASE()
          • SCHEMA()
        • DBTIMEZONE
          • DBTIMEZONE()
        • DEFAULT
          • DEFAULT()
        • DISK_SIZE
          • DISK_SIZE()
        • INDEX_CARDINALITY
          • INDEX_CARDINALITY()
        • INET_ATON
          • INET_ATON()
        • INET_NTOA
          • INET_NTOA()
        • LAST_INSERT_ID
          • LAST_INSERT_ID()
        • LIST_DBS
          • LIST_DBS()
        • ROW_COUNT
          • ROW_COUNT()
        • SESSIONTIMEZONE
          • SESSIONTIMEZONE()
        • USER, SYSTEM_USER
          • USER()
          • SYSTEM_USER()
        • VERSION
          • VERSION()
      • Encryption Function
        • MD5
          • MD5()
        • SHA1
          • SHA1()
        • SHA2
          • SHA2()
      • Comparison Expression
        • Simple Comparison Expression
        • ANY/SOME/ALL quantifiers
        • BETWEEN
        • EXISTS
        • IN
        • IS NULL
        • LIKE
        • CASE
      • Comparison Functions
        • COALESCE
          • COALESCE()
        • DECODE
          • DECODE()
        • GREATEST
          • GREATEST()
        • IF
          • IF()
        • IFNULL, NVL
          • IFNULL()
          • NVL()
        • ISNULL
          • ISNULL()
        • LEAST
          • LEAST()
        • NULLIF
          • NULLIF()
        • NVL2
          • NVL2()
      • Other functions
        • SLEEP
          • SLEEP()
        • SYS_GUID
          • SYS_GUID()
    • Data Manipulation Statements
      • SELECT
        • FROM Clause
          • Derived Table
          • Subquery Derived Table
          • DBLINK
        • WHERE Clause
        • GROUP BY … HAVING Clause
        • ORDER BY Clause
        • LIMIT Clause
        • Join Query
          • Inner Join
          • Outer Join
          • Cross Join
          • Natural Join
        • Subquery
          • Single-Row Subquery
          • Multiple-Row Subquery
        • VALUES
        • FOR UPDATE
      • Hierarchical Query
        • START WITH Clause
        • CONNECT BY Clause
        • Hierarchical Query Execution
          • Hierarchical Query for Table Join
          • Query Results
          • Ordering Data with the Hierarchical Query
        • Pseudo Columns for Hierarchical Query
          • LEVEL
          • CONNECT_BY_ISLEAF
          • CONNECT_BY_ISCYCLE
        • Operators for Hierarchical Query
          • CONNECT_BY_ROOT
          • PRIOR
        • Functions for Hierarchical Query
          • SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH
        • Examples of Hierarchical Query
        • Performance of Hierarchical Query
      • INSERT
        • INSERT … SELECT Statement
        • ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE Clause
      • UPDATE
      • REPLACE
      • DELETE
      • MERGE
      • TRUNCATE
      • PREPARED STATEMENT
        • PREPARE Statement
        • EXECUTE Statement
        • DEALLOCATE PREPARE/DROP PREPARE Statements
      • DO
      • CTE
        • CTE column names
        • RECURSIVE clause
        • CTE Usage in DMLs and CREATE
      • CALL
    • Query Optimization
      • Updating Statistics
      • Checking Statistics Information
      • Viewing Query Plan
      • Query Profiling
      • Using SQL Hint
      • Index Hint
        • USING INDEX
        • USE, FORCE, IGNORE INDEX
        • Examples of index hint
      • Special Indexes
        • Filtered Index
        • Function-based Index
      • Optimization using indexes
        • Covering Index
        • Optimizing ORDER BY Clause
        • Index Scan in Descending Order
        • Optimizing GROUP BY Clause
        • Multiple Key Ranges Optimization
        • Index Skip Scan
        • Loose Index Scan
        • In Memory Sort
        • SORT-LIMIT optimization
      • QUERY CACHE
    • Partitioning
      • Partitioning
        • Partitioning key
        • Range Partitioning
        • Hash Partitioning
        • List Partitioning
          • COMMENT of Partition
        • Partition Pruning
        • Partitioning Management
          • Modifying a Partitioned Table into a Regular Table
          • Partition Reorganization
          • Adding Partitions
          • Dropping Partitions
          • Hash Partitioning Reorganization
          • Partition Promotion
        • Indexes on Partitioned Tables
        • Notes on Partitioning
          • Statistics on Partitioning Tables
          • Restrictions on Partitioned Tables
          • Partitioning Key and Charset, Collation
    • Globalization
      • An Overview of Globalization
        • Character data
        • Related Terms
        • Locale Attributes
        • Collation Properties
        • Collation Naming Rules
          • CUBRID Collation
        • Files For Locale Setting
      • Locale Setting
        • Step 1: Selecting a Locale
        • Step 2: Compiling Locale
        • Step 3: Setting CUBRID to Use a Specific Locale
          • Built-in Locale and Library Locale
          • The Month/Day in Korean and Turkish Characters for ISO-8859-1 Charset
        • Step 4: Creating a Database with the Selected Locale Setting
        • Step 5 (optional): Manually Verifying the Locale File
        • Step 6: Starting CUBRID-Related Processes
        • Synchronization of Database Collations with System Collations
      • Collation
        • Charset and Collation of Column
          • Charset
          • String Check
          • Charset Conversion
          • Collation
          • CHARSET and COLLATE modifier
          • How to Determine Collation among Columns with Different Collation
          • Charset and Collation of an ENUM type column
        • Charset and Collation of Tables
        • Charset and Collation of String Literals
          • SET NAMES Statement
          • Charset Introducer
        • Charset and Collation of Expressions
        • Charset and Collation of System Data
        • Impact of Charset Specified When Creating DB
          • Casing and identifiers
        • String literal input and output
          • Text Conversion for CSQL
          • Unicode Normalization
        • Contraction and Expansion of Collation
          • Contraction
          • Expansion
        • Operations Requiring Collation and Charset
          • Charset
          • Collation
          • Charset conversion
        • Collation settings impacting CUBRID features
          • LIKE Conditional Optimization
          • Index Covering
          • Summary of CUBRID Features for Each Collation
        • Viewing Collation Information
      • Using i18n characters with JDBC
      • Timezone Setting
        • Compiling Timezone Library
          • Windows
          • Linux
          • Timezone library and database compatibility
          • Usage of timezone data types with JDBC
      • Configuration Guide for Characters
        • Locale
        • CHAR and VARCHAR
        • Choosing Charset
        • Choosing Collation
        • Normalization
        • CAST vs COLLATE
      • Remark
      • Guide for Adding Locales and Collations
        • LDML Calendar Information
        • LDML Numbers information
        • LDML Alphabet
        • LDML Console Conversion
        • LDML Collation
    • Transaction and Lock
      • Database Transaction
        • Transaction Commit
        • Transaction Rollback
        • Savepoint and Partial Rollback
      • Cursor Holdability
      • Database Concurrency
      • Multiversion Concurrency Control
        • Versioning, visibility and snapshot
        • VACUUM
          • VACUUM Parallel Execution
          • VACUUM Data
          • VACUUM jobs
          • Tracking dropped files
      • Lock Protocol
        • Granularity Locking
        • Lock Mode Types And Compatibility
          • Examples using locks
        • Locking to protect unique constraint
        • Transaction Deadlock
        • Transaction Lock Timeout
      • Transaction Isolation Level
        • SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL
        • GET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL
        • READ COMMITTED Isolation Level
          • READ COMMITTED UPDATE RE-EVALUATION
        • REPEATABLE READ Isolation Level
        • SERIALIZABLE Isolation Level
        • How to Handle Dirty Record
      • Transaction Termination and Restoration
        • Restarting Database
    • Trigger
      • CREATE TRIGGER
        • Guidelines for Trigger Definition
        • Trigger Definition
        • Event Time
        • Trigger Type
        • Trigger Event Type
        • Trigger Event Target
        • Combination of Event Type and Target
        • Trigger Condition
        • Correlation Name
        • Trigger Action
        • Trigger’s COMMENT
      • ALTER TRIGGER
        • Trigger’s COMMENT
      • DROP TRIGGER
      • RENAME TRIGGER
      • Deferred Condition and Action
        • Executing Deferred Condition and Action
        • Dropping Deferred Condition and Action
        • Granting Trigger Authorization
      • Trigger on REPLACE and INSERT … ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE
      • Trigger Debugging
        • Viewing Trigger Execution Log
        • Limiting Nested Trigger
      • Trigger Example
    • Java Stored Function/Procedure
      • Introduction to Java Stored Function/Procedure
      • Prerequisites
        • Check the cubrid.conf file
        • Start Java SP Server
      • How to Write and Load Java Stored Function/Procedure
        • Write the Java source code
        • Compile the Java source code
        • Load the compiled Java class into CUBRID
        • Publish the loaded Java class
      • Call the Java stored function/procedure
        • Using CALL Statement
        • Calling from SQL Statement
        • Calling from Java Application
      • Using Server-side Internal JDBC Driver
        • Creating Connection
        • Executing SQL Statements
        • The example of executing statements
        • OUT Parameters of Primitive Types
        • OUT Parameters of Set Types
        • OUT Parameters of CUBRID OID type
        • Returning java.sql.ResultSet in Java Stored Procedure
        • Getting information about connection client
      • Connecting to Other Databases
      • loadjava Utility
      • Caution
        • Limitations on the precision of IN/OUT parameters and a return value
      • Appendix
        • Table of Supproting JDBC API
          • java.sql.Connection
          • java.sql.Statement
          • java.sql.PreparedStatement
          • java.sql.CallableStatement
          • java.sql.ResultSet
          • java.sql.ResultSetMetaData
    • CUBRID DBLink
      • Introduction to CUBRID DBLink
      • CUBRID DBLink diagram
        • Homogeneous DBLink diagram
        • Heterogeneous DBLink diagram
      • GATEWAY
        • cub_cas_cgw
        • cub_gateway
        • Shared memory
        • Start GATEWAY
        • Restarting GATEWAY
        • Checking GATEWAY Status
        • Starting the GATEWAY together when the CUBRID service starts
      • CUBRID DBLINK settings
        • Heterogeneous DBLink Setting
        • Gateway configuration file
        • GATEWAY Parameter
        • Install unixODBC
        • ODBC Driver information setting
      • Oracle Setting for DBLink
        • Oracle Environment Configuration
      • MySQL Configuration for DBLink
        • MySQL Environment Configuration
      • How to use Cubrid DBLink
      • Restrictions
    • Method
      • Method Type
      • CALL Statement
    • Class Inheritance
      • Class Attribute and Method
      • Order Rule for Inheritance
      • INHERIT Clause
      • ADD SUPERCLASS Clause
      • DROP SUPERCLASS Clause
      • Class Conflict Resolution
        • Resolution Specifier
        • Superclass Conflict
          • Adding a super class
          • Deleting a super class
          • Compatible Domains
        • Sub class Conflict
          • Adding Attributes and Methods
          • Dropping Attributes and Methods
        • Schema Invariant
          • Invariant of class hierarchy
          • Invariant of name
          • Invariant of inheritance
          • Invariant of consistency
        • Rule for Schema Changes
          • Conflict-Resolution Rules
          • Domain-Change Rules
          • Class-Hierarchy Rules
    • Database Administration
      • User Management
        • Database User
        • CREATE USER
          • User’s COMMENT
        • GRANT
        • REVOKE
        • ALTER … OWNER
        • User Authorization Management METHOD
      • SET
        • System Parameter
        • User Variables
      • KILL
      • SHOW
        • DESC, DESCRIBE
        • EXPLAIN
        • SHOW TABLES
        • SHOW COLUMNS
        • SHOW INDEX
        • SHOW COLLATION
        • SHOW TIMEZONES
        • SHOW GRANTS
        • SHOW CREATE TABLE
        • SHOW CREATE VIEW
        • SHOW ACCESS STATUS
        • SHOW EXEC STATISTICS
        • Diagnostics
          • SHOW VOLUME HEADER
          • SHOW LOG HEADER
          • SHOW ARCHIVE LOG HEADER
          • SHOW HEAP HEADER
          • SHOW HEAP CAPACITY
          • SHOW SLOTTED PAGE HEADER
          • SHOW SLOTTED PAGE SLOTS
          • SHOW INDEX HEADER
          • SHOW INDEX CAPACITY
          • SHOW CRITICAL SECTIONS
          • SHOW TRANSACTION TABLES
          • SHOW THREADS
          • SHOW JOB QUEUES
          • SHOW PAGE BUFFER STATUS
    • User Schema
    • System Catalog
      • System Catalog Classes
        • _db_class
        • _db_attribute
        • _db_domain
        • _db_charset
        • _db_collation
        • _db_method
        • _db_meth_sig
        • _db_meth_arg
        • _db_meth_file
        • _db_query_spec
        • _db_index
        • _db_index_key
        • _db_auth
        • _db_data_type
        • _db_partition
        • _db_stored_procedure
        • _db_stored_procedure_args
        • _db_server
        • _db_synonym
        • db_user
        • db_authorization
        • db_serial
        • db_trigger
        • db_ha_apply_info
        • dual
      • System Catalog Virtual Class
        • DB_CLASS
        • DB_DIRECT_SUPER_CLASS
        • DB_VCLASS
        • DB_ATTRIBUTE
        • DB_ATTR_SETDOMAIN_ELM
        • DB_CHARSET
        • DB_COLLATION
        • DB_METHOD
        • DB_METH_ARG
        • DB_METH_ARG_SETDOMAIN_ELM
        • DB_METH_FILE
        • DB_INDEX
        • DB_INDEX_KEY
        • DB_AUTH
        • DB_TRIG
        • DB_PARTITION
        • DB_STORED_PROCEDURE
        • DB_STORED_PROCEDURE_ARGS
        • DB_SERVER
        • DB_SYNONYM
      • Catalog Class/Virtual Class Authorization
      • Querying on Catalog
  • CUBRID Management
    • Controlling CUBRID Processes
      • Controlling CUBRID Service
      • Controlling Database Server
      • Controlling Broker
      • Controlling Gateway
      • Controlling CUBRID Manager Server
      • Controlling CUBRID HA
      • Controlling CUBRID Java Stored Procedure Server
    • CUBRID Services
      • Registering Services
      • Starting Services
      • Stopping Services
      • Restarting Services
      • Managing Service Status
      • cubrid Utility Logging
    • Database Server
      • Starting Database Server
      • Stopping Database Server
      • Restarting Database Server
      • Checking Database Server Status
      • Limiting Database Server Access
      • Database Server Log
        • Error Log
        • Event Log
      • Database Server Errors
    • Broker
      • Starting Broker
      • Stopping Broker
      • Restarting Broker
      • Checking Broker Status
      • Limiting Broker Access
      • Packet Encryption
      • Managing a Specific Broker
      • Dynamically Changing Broker Parameters
      • Broker configuration information
      • Broker Logs
        • Checking the Access Log
        • Checking the Error Log
        • Managing the SQL Log
          • broker_log_top
          • cubrid_replay
      • CAS Error
    • Gateway
      • Starting Gateway
      • Stopping Gateway
      • Restarting Gateway
      • Checking Gateway Status
    • CUBRID Manager Server
      • Starting the CUBRID Manager Server
      • Stopping the CUBRID Manager Server
      • CUBRID Manager Server Log
      • Configuring CUBRID Manager Server
      • CUBRID Manager User Management Console
    • CUBRID Java Stored Procedure Server
      • Starting CUBRID Java SP Server
      • Stopping CUBRID Java SP Server
      • Restarting CUBRID Java SP Server
      • Checking CUBRID Java SP Server Status
      • Starting the CUBRID Java SP Server together when the database server starts
      • Configuring for CUBRID Java SP Server
        • Environment Configuration for Java Stored Function/Procedure
        • Java SP Server System Parameters
      • CUBRID Java SP Server Log
        • Error Log
        • Java Log
      • CUBRID Java SP Server Errors
    • Database Management
      • Database Users
      • databases.txt File
      • Database Volume
    • cubrid Utilities
      • cubrid Utility Logging
      • createdb
      • addvoldb
      • deletedb
      • renamedb
      • alterdbhost
      • copydb
      • installdb
      • backupdb
        • Backup Strategy and Method
        • Managing Backup Files
        • Managing Archive Logs
      • restoredb
        • Restoring Strategy and Procedure
        • Restoring Database to Different Server
      • unloaddb
      • loaddb
        • How to Write Files to Load Database
          • Comment
          • Command Line
          • Data Line
        • Migrating Database
      • spacedb
      • compactdb
      • optimizedb
      • plandump
      • statdump
      • lockdb
        • Output Contents
      • tranlist
      • killtran
      • checkdb
      • diagdb
      • paramdump
      • tde
      • vacuumdb
      • flashback
      • HA Commands
      • Locale Commands
      • Timezone Commands
    • System Parameters
      • Configuring the Database Server
        • Scope of Database Server Configuration
        • Changing Database Server Configuration
          • Editing the Configuration File
          • Using SQL Statements
          • Using Session Commands of the CSQL Interpreter
        • cubrid.conf Configuration File and Default Parameters
          • Database Server System Parameters
          • Section by Parameter
          • Default Parameters
        • Connection-Related Parameters
        • Memory-Related Parameters
        • Disk-Related Parameters
        • Error Message-Related Parameters
        • Concurrency/Lock-Related Parameters
        • Logging-Related Parameters
        • Transaction Processing-Related Parameters
        • Statement/Type-Related Parameters
        • Thread-Related Parameters
        • Timezone Parameter
        • Query Plan Cache-Related Parameters
        • Query Cache-Related Parameters
        • Utility-Related Parameters
        • HA-Related Parameters
        • Other Parameters
      • Broker Configuration
        • cubrid_broker.conf Configuration File and Default Parameters
          • Broker System Parameters
          • Default Parameters
          • Broker Configuration File Related Environment Variables
        • Common Parameters
          • Access
          • Logging
          • Broker Server(cub_broker)
        • Parameter by Broker
          • Access
          • Broker App. Server(CAS)
          • Transaction & Query
          • Logging
          • Etc
      • HA Configuration
    • SystemTap
      • Overview
      • Installing SystemTap
        • Checking Installation
        • Version
      • Related Terms
        • Marker
        • Probe
        • Asynchronous Events
      • Using SystemTap in CUBRID
        • Building CUBRID source
        • Running SystemTap script
        • Printing Results
      • CUBRID markers
        • Connection markers
          • conn_start()
          • conn_end()
        • Query markers
          • query_exec_start()
          • query_exec_end()
        • Object operation markers
          • obj_insert_start()
          • obj_insert_end()
          • obj_update_start()
          • obj_update_end()
          • obj_deleted_start()
          • obj_delete_end()
        • Index operation markers
          • idx_insert_start()
          • idx_insert_end()
          • idx_update_start()
          • idx_update_end()
          • idx_delete_start()
          • idx_delete_end()
        • Locking markers
          • lock_acquire_start()
          • lock_acquire_end()
          • lock_release_start()
          • lock_release_end()
        • Transaction markers
          • tran_commit()
          • tran_abort()
          • tran_start()
          • tran_deadlock()
        • I/O markers
          • pgbuf_hit()
          • pgbuf_miss()
          • io_write_start()
          • io_write_end()
          • io_read_start()
          • io_read_end()
        • Other markers
          • sort_start()
          • sort_end()
    • cubrid scripts
      • unloaddb.sh script
    • Troubleshooting
      • Checking SQL Log
        • SQL log of CAS
        • Function getting CAS information
        • Application log
        • Slow query
      • Server Error Log
        • Detecting Overflow Keys or Overflow Pages
        • Detecting log recovery time
        • Detecting a Deadlock
      • Detecting the change of HA status
        • Detecting HA split-brain
        • Detecting Fail-over, Fail-back
      • Failure on HA Start
        • Typical Unrestorable Failure
        • How to fix when a Failure on HA start
    • DDL Audit Log
      • Overview
      • DDL Audit Log file name convention
      • DDL Audit Logfile format of CAS
      • DDL Audit Logfile format of CSQL
      • DDL Audit Log format of LOADDB
  • CUBRID HA
    • CUBRID HA Concept
      • Nodes and Groups
      • Processes
      • Servers
      • heartbeat Message
      • failover and failback
      • Broker Mode
    • CUBRID HA Features
      • Duplexing Servers
      • Duplexing Brokers
      • Log Multiplexing
    • Quick Start
      • Preparation
      • Creating Databases and Configuring Servers
      • Starting and Verifying CUBRID HA
      • Configuring and Starting Broker, and Verifying the Broker Status
    • Environment Configuration
      • cubrid.conf
        • HA or Not
        • Logging
        • Access
      • cubrid_ha.conf
        • Node
        • Access
        • Replication
        • SQL Logging
      • cubrid_broker.conf
        • Access Target
        • Access Order
        • Access Limitation
        • Reconnection
      • databases.txt
      • JDBC Configuration
      • CCI Configuration
      • PHP Configuration
    • Connecting a Broker to DB
      • Connection Process
      • Examples on Behaviours by Configuration
    • Running and Monitoring
      • cubrid heartbeat Utility
        • start
        • stop
        • copylogdb
        • applylogdb
        • reload
        • replication(or repl) start
        • replication(or repl) stop
        • status
      • Registering HA to cubrid service
      • applyinfo
      • cubrid changemode
      • Monitoring CUBRID Manager HA
    • Structures of HA
      • Basic Structure of HA
      • Multiple-Slave Node Structure
      • Load Balancing Structure
      • Multiple-Standby Server Structure
    • HA Constraints
    • Operational Scenarios
      • Operation Scenario during Read/Write Service
      • Operation Scenario during Read Service
      • Operation Scenario after Stopping a Service
      • Setting Replica Replication Delay
    • Building Replication
      • restoreslave
      • Example Scenarios of Building Replication
      • Add a Slave after Stopping a Service
      • Build Another Slave during HA Service
      • Remove a Slave during Service
      • Add a Replica during Service
      • Rebuild a Slave during Service
    • Detection of Replication Mismatch
      • How to Detect Replication Mismatch
      • checksumdb
      • HA Error Messages
        • CAS process(cub_cas)
        • Replication Log Copy Process(copylogdb)
        • Replication Log Reflection Process(applylogdb)
    • Rebuilding Replication Script
      • ha_make_slavedb.sh Script
  • CUBRID Security
    • Packet Encryption
      • Requirements of secure communication
      • Packet encryption method
      • Server setup for packet encryption
      • Supported driver
    • ACL (Access Control List)
    • Authorization
    • TDE (Transparent Data Encryption)
      • CUBRID TDE Concept
      • Key Management
        • 2-Level Key Management
        • File-based Master Key Management
      • Encryption Target
        • Permanent Data Encryption
        • Temporary Data Encryption
        • Log Data Encryption
        • DWB Encryption
        • Backup Encryption
      • Encryption Algorithm
      • Table Encryption Checking
        • SHOW CREATE TABLE
        • Inquiry to db_class
        • Using cubrid diagdb utility
      • TDE on HA
      • When TDE is unavailable
      • TDE Restriction
  • API Reference
    • JDBC Driver
      • JDBC Overview
      • Installing and Configuring JDBC
      • JDBC Programming
        • Configuration Connection
        • Connecting with DataSource
        • Checking SQL LOG
        • Checking Foreign Key Information
        • Using Object Identifiers (OIDs) and Collections
          • Using OIDs
          • Using Collections
        • Getting Auto Increment Column Value
        • Using BLOB/CLOB
        • setBoolean
        • JDBC Error Codes and Error Messages
      • JDBC Sample Program
      • JDBC API
    • CCI Driver
      • CCI Overview
      • CCI Programming
        • Writing CCI Applications
        • Configuring Library
        • Using BLOB/CLOB
        • CCI Error Codes and Error Messages
      • CCI Sample Program
      • CCI API Reference
        • cci_bind_param
        • cci_bind_param_array
        • cci_bind_param_array_size
        • cci_bind_param_ex
        • cci_blob_free
        • cci_blob_new
        • cci_blob_read
        • cci_blob_size
        • cci_blob_write
        • cci_cancel
        • cci_clob_free
        • cci_clob_new
        • cci_clob_read
        • cci_clob_size
        • cci_clob_write
        • cci_close_query_result
        • cci_close_req_handle
        • cci_col_get
        • cci_col_seq_drop
        • cci_col_seq_insert
        • cci_col_seq_put
        • cci_col_set_add
        • cci_col_set_drop
        • cci_col_size
        • cci_connect
        • cci_connect_ex
        • cci_connect_with_url
        • cci_connect_with_url_ex
        • cci_cursor_update
        • cci_datasource_borrow
        • cci_datasource_change_property
        • cci_datasource_create
        • cci_datasource_destroy
        • cci_datasource_release
        • cci_disconnect
        • cci_end_tran
        • cci_escape_string
        • cci_execute
        • cci_execute_array
        • cci_execute_batch
        • cci_execute_result
        • cci_fetch
        • cci_fetch_buffer_clear
        • cci_fetch_sensitive
        • cci_fetch_size
        • cci_get_autocommit
        • cci_get_bind_num
        • cci_get_cas_info
        • cci_get_class_num_objs
        • CCI_GET_COLLECTION_DOMAIN
        • cci_get_cur_oid
        • cci_get_data
        • cci_get_db_parameter
        • cci_get_db_version
        • cci_get_err_msg
        • cci_get_error_msg
        • cci_get_holdability
        • cci_get_last_insert_id
        • cci_get_login_timeout
        • cci_get_query_plan
        • cci_query_info_free
        • cci_get_query_timeout
        • cci_get_result_info
        • CCI_GET_RESULT_INFO_ATTR_NAME
        • CCI_GET_RESULT_INFO_CLASS_NAME
        • CCI_GET_RESULT_INFO_IS_NON_NULL
        • CCI_GET_RESULT_INFO_NAME
        • CCI_GET_RESULT_INFO_PRECISION
        • CCI_GET_RESULT_INFO_SCALE
        • CCI_GET_RESULT_INFO_TYPE
        • CCI_IS_SET_TYPE
        • CCI_IS_MULTISET_TYPE
        • CCI_IS_SEQUENCE_TYPE
        • CCI_IS_COLLECTION_TYPE
        • cci_get_version
        • cci_init
        • cci_is_holdable
        • cci_is_updatable
        • cci_next_result
        • cci_oid
        • cci_oid_get
        • cci_oid_get_class_name
        • cci_oid_put
        • cci_oid_put2
        • cci_prepare
        • cci_prepare_and_execute
        • cci_property_create
        • cci_property_destroy
        • cci_property_get
        • cci_property_set
        • cci_query_result_free
        • CCI_QUERY_RESULT_ERR_NO
        • CCI_QUERY_RESULT_ERR_MSG
        • CCI_QUERY_RESULT_RESULT
        • CCI_QUERY_RESULT_STMT_TYPE
        • cci_register_out_param
        • cci_row_count
        • cci_savepoint
        • cci_schema_info
        • cci_set_allocators
        • cci_set_autocommit
        • cci_set_db_parameter
        • cci_set_element_type
        • cci_set_free
        • cci_set_get
        • cci_set_holdability
        • cci_set_isolation_level
        • cci_set_lock_timeout
        • cci_set_login_timeout
        • cci_set_make
        • cci_set_max_row
        • cci_set_query_timeout
        • cci_set_size
    • PHP Driver
      • Installing and Configuring PHP
        • For Linux
        • For Windows
      • Building CUBRID PHP Driver from Source Code
        • For Linux
        • For Windows
      • PHP Programming
        • Connecting to a Database
        • Transactions and Auto-Commit
        • Processing Queries
      • PHP API
    • PDO Driver
      • Installing and Configuring PDO
        • Linux
        • Windows
      • Building CUBRID PHP Driver from Source Code
      • PDO Programming
        • Data Source Name (DSN)
        • Predefined Constants
      • PDO Sample Program
        • Verifying CUBRID PDO Driver Version
        • Connecting to CUBRID
        • Executing a SELECT Statement
        • Executing an UPDATE Statement
        • Using prepare and bind
        • Using the PDO::getAttribute() Function
        • CUBRID PDO Extensions
      • PDO API
    • ODBC Driver
      • Configuring and Environment ODBC
      • ODBC Programming
        • Configuring Connection String
      • ASP Sample Program
      • ODBC API
    • OLE DB Driver
      • Installing and Configuring OLE DB
      • OLE DB Programming
        • Using Data Link Properties Dialog Box
        • Configuring Connection String
        • Multi-Threaded Programming in .NET Environment
      • OLE DB API
    • ADO.NET Driver
      • Installing and Configuring ADO.NET
      • ADO.NET Programming
        • A Simple Query/Retrieve Code
        • batch Commands
        • Connection String
        • CUBRID Collections
        • CUBRID BLOB/CLOB
        • CUBRID Metadata Support
        • DataTable Support
        • Transactions
        • Working with Parameters
        • Error Codes and Messages
      • ADO.NET API
    • Perl Driver
      • Installing and Configuring Perl
      • Perl API
    • Python Driver
      • Installing and Configuring Python
        • Linux/UNIX
        • Windows
      • Python Programming
      • Python Sample Program
      • Python API
    • Ruby Driver
      • Installing and Configuring Ruby
      • Ruby Sample Program
      • Ruby API
    • Node.js Driver
      • Installing Node.js
      • CUBRID Node.js API
  • Release Notes
    • 11.2 Release Notes
      • Release Notes Information
      • Overview
        • Driver Compatibility
      • 11.2 Changes
      • Cautions
        • New Cautions
        • Existing Cautions
    • General Information
      • Revision history
      • Bug Reports and User Feedback
      • License
      • Additional Information
      • Note on Drivers
CUBRID
  • CUBRID SQL
  • Database Administration
  • View page source

Database Administration¶

  • User Management
    • Database User
    • CREATE USER
    • GRANT
    • REVOKE
    • ALTER … OWNER
    • User Authorization Management METHOD
  • SET
    • System Parameter
    • User Variables
  • KILL
  • SHOW
    • DESC, DESCRIBE
    • EXPLAIN
    • SHOW TABLES
    • SHOW COLUMNS
    • SHOW INDEX
    • SHOW COLLATION
    • SHOW TIMEZONES
    • SHOW GRANTS
    • SHOW CREATE TABLE
    • SHOW CREATE VIEW
    • SHOW ACCESS STATUS
    • SHOW EXEC STATISTICS
    • Diagnostics
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© Copyright 2016, CUBRID Corparation.. Last updated on Sep 04, 2023.

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